It is broadly divided into two phases – Mercantile and Industrial phases. This gave them the incentive to interfere in the domestic politics of these countries. Since they controlled the high seas, they were able to influence the trading policies of these countries. This led to establishing trade routes with countries of Western Africa, India, Dutch East Indies (Indonesia) etc. They stumbled upon the Americas (Columbus, 1492) and realised the huge potential of controlling colonies through which they can source merchandise for trade cheaply. Germany and Italy also entered the scene towards the end of the nineteenth century. ![]() These empires were later supplanted by the industrial powers – Britain and France. What led to European Colonisation in Asia and Africa?įollowing the occupation of Constantinople by Ottoman Turks (1453), empires of western Europe (Spain and Portugal) was forced to find alternate sea routes to the East (China and India). What forced European powers to abandon their empires?Ĭolonialization is the action by which a foreign power occupies another country, and then exploit the economic resources of the occupied country for benefit of their native land (foreign country).What led to European Colonisation in Asia and Africa?.
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